A “sunburned” cornea can cause blurry vision and loss of eyesight. A damaged macula leads to macular degeneration. Chronic exposure to UV rays over many weeks, months or years can also harm the macula, cornea and lens. The sun shines with such intensity that staring directly at it for just a few seconds can cause permanent retinal damage. When the retina’s light-sensing cells become over-stimulated from looking at a bright light, they release massive amounts of signaling chemicals, injuring the back of the eye as a result. In short, yes, staring at bright lights can damage your eyes. The opposite occurs in low light when the iris dilates the pupil to allow as much light in as possible. When intense light rays reach your eye, the iris responds by constricting the pupil, thus protecting the retina and helping it process the incoming image better. This is the colored part of your eye responsible for reducing and enlarging the size of your pupil. The iris serves as your eye’s main defense against bright light.
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